Steinbeck uses colloquial language and slang – the language of normal people and their speech – and phonetic spelling (language spelt as it sounds).

Steinbeck uses dialogue – characters talking to each other – to convey much of the novel's characterisation and to tell the story, as in a play.

Though there are no separate chapters, the novel is divided into six clear sections, and given four clear settings, like scenes in a play.

Steinbeck uses description of the natural setting to create mood and atmosphere, and to emphasise themes such as loneliness and fragility.

Steinbeck uses strong images to convey his themes (the water snake) and his characters (Lennie is described in terms of various animals).